What causes the flu, symptoms, treatments & when to see a doctor. Plus: How the flu lasts and how to see a doctor, get a prescription and a sick note for half-price right now.
Coughing, sore throat, fever and chills. How long does the Flu last?
Let’s find out: What causes the flu, what are common flu symptoms and the best treatment options, how long can you expect the flu to last and know when to see a doctor for the flu.
Also learn how Udok is making it possible for you to see a doctor at Clicks.
The flu, also known as influenza, is caused by influenza viruses. These viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and are classified into three main types: influenza A, influenza B, and influenza C. Influenza A viruses are responsible for most flu outbreaks, while influenza B and C viruses typically cause milder illness.
The problem with the Flu is that the Influenza viruses undergo frequent changes. Which means there is no single definitive cure. Instead, one treats the symptoms and tries to support the body’s natural defences. Antiviral medications are sometimes used for high-risk patients.
Vaccination is a key preventive measure against the flu. The influenza vaccine is updated each year to include the most likely strains of the virus for the upcoming flu season.
The flu is highly contagious and spreads primarily through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. It can also spread by touching surfaces or objects contaminated with the virus and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes. People with the flu are contagious one day before symptoms develop and up to seven days after becoming sick.
The symptoms of the flu can vary from person to person, but they typically include:
A sudden onset of high body temperature, often above 38°C.
Generalised muscle or body aches, which can be quite severe.
Feeling tired and weak, often accompanied by a lack of energy.
A dry or productive cough (producing mucus or phlegm) is common with the flu.
A scratchy or painful throat.
Aching or throbbing pain in the head.
Stuffy or blocked nose, often accompanied by a runny nose.
Frequent bouts of sneezing may occur.
Shivering or feeling cold despite having a fever.
Some people experience chest discomfort or tightness.
It's important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other respiratory viruses or illnesses, which is why it's important to see a doctor when you have flu-like symptoms.
Note: Certain symptoms, such as high fever, severe body aches, and profound fatigue, are more commonly associated with the flu compared to other viral infections like the common cold.
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Most treatments for the flu focus on relieving symptoms and supporting the body's immune system as it fights off the infection. Here are some typical approaches to managing the flu:
Getting plenty of rest allows your body to recover and heal more efficiently.
Staying hydrated is important to prevent dehydration, especially if you have a fever. Drink water, clear broth, herbal tea, or electrolyte solutions.
Non-prescription pain relievers such as paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen can help reduce fever, alleviate body aches, and relieve headaches. Follow the instructions and dosages recommended by the manufacturer or consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional first.
OTC cough medications can help manage cough symptoms. Cough suppressants help reduce coughing, while expectorants can help loosen mucus and phlegm.
OTC nasal sprays or oral decongestants can provide temporary relief from nasal congestion. However, it's important to use decongestants as directed, as overuse can lead to rebound congestion.
Gargling with lukewarm salt water can help soothe a sore throat and reduce discomfort.
Using a humidifier or spending time in a steamy bathroom can help relieve nasal congestion and soothe irritated airways.
It's important to note that antiviral medications may be prescribed by a healthcare professional in certain cases, particularly for individuals at high risk of complications from the flu. They are normally effective if taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset.
That’s why it’s best to always consult a healthcare professional for guidance and advice tailored to your specific situation, as they can provide appropriate recommendations and prescribe medications if necessary.
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A week or two, but it varies from person to person. Generally, flu symptoms start to appear within 1 to 4 days after being infected with the virus. Most people with the flu will start to feel better within a week or two, although some symptoms, such as fatigue and a lingering cough, can persist for several weeks.
The acute phase of the flu, when symptoms are most severe, usually lasts for about 3 to 7 days. That’s when you may experience high fever, body aches, fatigue, cough, and other respiratory symptoms. After the acute phase, symptoms gradually improve, but it may take some time to fully recover and regain energy.
It's important to note that factors like overall health, immune response and underlying medical conditions can affect the duration and severity of flu symptoms. That’s why it’s best to speak to a doctor and get a proper evaluation and guidance.
While most cases of the flu can be managed at home, there are certain situations where it is advisable to seek medical attention for flu symptoms::
Young children, older adults (65 years or older), pregnant women, individuals with chronic medical conditions (such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease), or those with weakened immune systems all into the high-risk category. It’s best for them to consult a doctor promptly.
If your symptoms are severe, persist or worsen despite home care, or if new symptoms develop – especially difficulty breathing, chest pain or tightness, severe headache, persistent vomiting, confusion, or dizziness – it is a good idea to seek medical advice.
Shortness of breath, chest pain, persistent or high fever, worsening cough, or signs of a secondary bacterial infection like sinusitis or pneumonia, require you to get medical attention promptly.
If your child has flu-like symptoms and you are concerned about their condition, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Children can be more susceptible to flu-related complications.
If you have underlying chronic health conditions and are experiencing flu symptoms, it’s best to consult your doctor.
If you are unsure about your symptoms or need advice on managing your flu symptoms, it is always appropriate to contact a healthcare professional. It helps remove some of the stress, so you can focus on healing.
Remember, these are general guidelines, and it's important to trust your instincts and seek medical attention if you feel it is necessary.
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